AFB (Acid-Fast Bacilli) Microscopy ×1

The AFB Microscopy ×1 test at Pamel Laboratories is a specialized diagnostic test used to detect the presence of acid-fast bacilli, most commonly Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the bacteria that causes tuberculosis (TB). This test involves staining and examining a sputum or body fluid sample under a microscope to identify TB bacteria.

A single AFB smear is typically the initial screening test for patients with symptoms such as persistent cough, chest pain, weight loss, night sweats, or hemoptysis (coughing up blood).

What the Test Includes:

• Ziehl-Neelsen Staining (ZN Stain):

  • Detects acid-fast organisms under a microscope

  • Reports results as negative or graded positive based on number of bacilli seen

Purpose of the Test:

• Screen for pulmonary tuberculosis (TB)

• Evaluate sputum or gastric washings, especially in high-risk patients

• Support early diagnosis and prompt treatment of TB

• Monitor response to anti-tubercular therapy in TB patients

Sample Type:

• Sputum (early morning, deep cough sample preferred)

• May also be done on gastric aspirate, bronchial washings, or body fluids (pleural, CSF, etc.)

Turnaround Time: Same day (within a few hours)

Preparation Instructions:

• Collect sputum before eating or brushing teeth

• Avoid contamination with saliva or nasal secretions

• Deliver sample to the lab promptly in a sterile container